• Outreach is (un)Dead.

    September 2, 2009

    Thanks to Flickr user laura padgett for the use of this image.
    Thanks to Flickr user laura pad­gett for the use of this image.

    Out­reach is dead. It’s time we put its body in a cof­fin, say our col­lec­tive prayers and move on.
    You see, for most of the sum­mer I under­took a long series of “out­reach” trips to pro­mote and edu­cate the pub­lic at large about a grant-funded project I’d been work­ing on for the past year. I drove all over the state of Ore­gon, to the desert in the East, the rolling moun­tains in the South, up and down the rocky coast, and through the farm and ranch land in West­ern and Cen­tral Ore­gon. Dur­ing these long trips (imag­ine expanses of high desert for 200 miles before you hit a rest stop or gas sta­tion) I had a lin­ger­ing feel­ing that what I was doing was def­i­nitely NOT out­reach. Instead, I was pro­mot­ing and mar­ket­ing a ser­vice and tool that, for the past year, I had been help­ing to build at my place of employ.

    What IS out­reach in libraries today? It became my mis­sion to dis­cover a suc­cinct work­ing def­i­n­i­tion of what we do that so many of us con­sider out­reach, yet my con­clu­sion remained embed­ded in that same vio­lent phrase: out­reach is dead. When this thought first occurred to me my brain imme­di­ately began singing the lyrics to Bauhaus’s hit Goth Rock song Bela Lugosi’s Dead. (“…Bela Lugosi’s dead/ undead undead undead/Oh, Bela/Bela’s undead…)

    We need to lay rest to outreach’s phys­i­cal body – that sep­a­rate entity that com­prises library depart­ments and ancil­lary pro­grams. As well we need to lay to rest the word “out­reach,” whose sep­a­rate exis­tence inhibits and deters us from doing what we as libraries, librar­i­ans, and infor­ma­tion pro­fes­sion­als should be doing. Instead of inte­grat­ing library pro­mo­tion, advo­cacy, and community-specific tar­geted ser­vices, we have left “out­reach” out­side of the inclu­sive library whole to be an after­thought, a depart­ment more likely to get cut, or work func­tion of only a few, such as your sub­ject librar­i­ans. If we kill this notion, if we con­sider the word and the sep­a­rate entity of out­reach as dead, we are more likely to be able to embrace and par­tic­i­pate in activ­i­ties for­merly known as out­reach and incor­po­rate this essen­tial part of our jobs into our daily work routine.

    Def­i­n­i­tions

    Before I came to the con­clu­sion that out­reach is dead, I attempted to re-define out­reach as such: Out­reach is mar­ket­ing. If the peo­ple who you’re attempt­ing to reach seek ser­vices from you (rather than you reach­ing them) it is not out­reach. The agenda behind library out­reach should be to offer ser­vices with­out mon­e­tary gain, and to iden­tify and fill ser­vice voids for peo­ple who are not look­ing for them. Unsat­is­fied with my def­i­n­i­tion I asked my dad. His response was “I let the NSF [National Sci­ence Foun­da­tion] define that for me.” (My dad is an organic chem­istry pro­fes­sor.) I was not con­vinced that a fund­ing agency should have the ulti­mate say in what “out­reach” activ­i­ties should be or include; par­tic­u­larly in libraries. It was then that I decided to turn to my col­leagues and pro­fes­sional lit­er­a­ture to seek a good definition.

    Scott Pointon (Pub­lic Libraries, 2009) refers to the fol­low­ing def­i­n­i­tion: “Draw a cir­cle around the cen­tral or main library build­ing – every library ser­vice, pro­gram, or library-related endeavor tak­ing place out­side that cir­cle is out­reach.” (5 – 6).  Like­wise, in her intro­duc­tion to the Extra­or­di­nary Out­reach sec­tion of Pub­lic Libraries last win­ter, Nann Hil­yard points to the Ran­dom House Webster’s Col­lege Dic­tio­nary def­i­n­i­tion of out­reach, “noun: the act of extend­ing com­mu­nity ser­vices to a wider sec­tion of the pop­u­la­tion. Tran­si­tive Verb: to reach beyond, exceed” (20). Unsat­is­fied with both of these def­i­n­i­tions I turned to the Oxford Eng­lish Dic­tio­nary (OED) online (thanks, Mult­nomah County Library, for my remote access to this!) I found:

    Out­reach. Noun.  b. spec. The activ­ity of an orga­ni­za­tion in mak­ing con­tact and fos­ter­ing rela­tions with peo­ple uncon­nected with it, esp. for the pur­pose of sup­port or edu­ca­tion and for increas­ing aware­ness of the organization’s aims or mes­sage; the fact or extent of this activity.

    None of these def­i­n­i­tions are sat­is­fac­tory to me. And none of us define out­reach in the same way. Pointon’s def­i­n­i­tion is great, but it pulls into play the strug­gle libraries are hav­ing with “library as place,” an issue recently addressed in The Jour­nal of Aca­d­e­mic Librar­i­an­ship by Sen­nyey et al., 2009. Cur­rent library ser­vices tran­scend the phys­i­cal bound­aries of a library build­ing. Many col­lec­tions and ser­vices offered by pub­lic and aca­d­e­mic libraries are used remotely. Users access library ser­vices from home, in their offices, and even via mobile devices. “…the bond between users and the phys­i­cal library will change and if poorly man­aged the “library as place” will become just another cam­pus build­ing” (Sen­nyey, et al., 2009). In this way, defin­ing out­reach by phys­i­cal bound­aries (a body) does not reflect the wealth of ser­vices that libraries pro­vide and under­mine our community-centered work.

    The OED def­i­n­i­tion is great, but to me this def­i­n­i­tion gets back to my first instinct: this is mar­ket­ing, not out­reach. In fact, I looked at the OED def­i­n­i­tion of mar­ket­ing, and felt that the two, for our intent, are almost interchangeable.

    Mar­ket­ing  b. The action or busi­ness of bring­ing or send­ing a prod­uct or com­mod­ity to mar­ket; (now chiefly, Busi­ness) the action, busi­ness, or process of pro­mot­ing and sell­ing a prod­uct, etc., includ­ing mar­ket research, adver­tis­ing, and distribution.

    Our prod­uct is our ser­vice. To many librar­i­ans mar­ket­ing can be a dirty word and out­reach almost saintly. But in so many arti­cles about out­reach authors seem to refer to library ser­vice pro­mo­tion as mar­ket­ing any­way.  (see  Dawn Bussey’s Get­ting the Word Out, Eugene Jeffers’s Elec­tronic Out­reach and Our Inter­net Patrons, and Rebecca Donnelly’s The Mis­guided Rela­tion­ship.) I think we should embrace mar­ket­ing for what it is, and let out­reach dif­fuse into our daily rou­tine. More­over, the first use of the word out­reach in this way was over 100 years ago, in 1899 accord­ing to the OED. Since libraries have changed so much over the past 100 years isn’t it time we find a new way to express and incor­po­rate community-centered work? The OED def­i­n­i­tion reminds me of a pic­ture I snapped while on my out­reach excursions.

    An Outreach Organization in Pendleton, OR.
    The Sign to St. Mary’s Out­reach in Pendle­ton, OR.

    The paint is peel­ing. Obvi­ously its cur­rent phys­i­cal man­i­fes­ta­tion could use some help. Like­wise, when we use the term “out­reach” we typ­i­cally refer to an older and more tra­di­tional notion of what the word means. For us to move beyond this idea, we just might have to start using dif­fer­ent words and detach cur­rent assump­tions about “out­reach” to dis­cuss our “out­reach” activities.

    Dif­fer­ences Between Aca­d­e­mic and Pub­lic Libraries

    In aca­d­e­mic libraries out­reach seems to mean one of a few things. First, you have to reach your con­stituents. Some libraries have a Face­book page and some libraries tweet. You might also pro­vide ori­en­ta­tions to new stu­dent cohorts or you might offer satel­lite library ser­vices in a dif­fer­ent build­ing such as a dorm or a stu­dent cen­ter. Other exam­ples could be cre­at­ing rela­tion­ships with fac­ulty to pro­vide ser­vices that sup­port teach­ing as well as to their stu­dents to sup­port course-specific learn­ing. These exam­ples seem to encom­pass much of what aca­d­e­mic “out­reach” focused activ­i­ties include. To me, all of these ser­vices should not be con­tained within a sep­a­rate body, depart­ment, or under­taken by just the “Out­reach Librar­ian.” Instead, they are part in par­cel what we do. As pro­fes­sion­als we should all be talk­ing about the library in our com­mu­ni­ties and fos­ter­ing rela­tion­ships. We should be offer­ing satel­lite ser­vices and, yes, we should all have down pat our 30 sec­ond “why the library is impor­tant” ele­va­tor speech. These are essen­tial aspects of a library and of any librarian’s job. They are not sep­a­rate nor should they be con­tained in a dif­fer­ent or a sole unit or entity.

    Unlike aca­d­e­mic libraries, Pub­lic library out­reach pro­grams seem much more iden­ti­fied by space and place. Book­mo­bile ser­vices, library ser­vices pro­vided to those in jail, ser­vices at senior cen­ters and in schools are all exam­ples of what would fall under the “out­reach” umbrella. Dawn Bussey dis­cusses the var­i­ous things that the Glen Ellyn Pub­lic Library has done in their com­mu­nity and out­side the library’s walls (Pub­lic Libraries, 2009). But let’s face it, these ser­vices and the community-based nature of pub­lic libraries are essen­tial to what today’s library is. It is not extra, it is manda­tory and we should all be engaged and pro­vid­ing tar­geted, community-based ser­vices to our constituents.

    Com­mu­nity Engage­ment and Mar­ket­ing are Essential

    The nature of libraries has changed enor­mously. The phys­i­cal build­ing is less impor­tant. Books are less impor­tant. Due to these changes libraries will become obso­lete in today’s cur­rent mar­ket where infor­ma­tion needs are cre­ated and ful­filled by (my favorite “fren­e­mies”) Google and Face­book. Peo­ple pur­chase books from Ama­zon, they read blogs, wikis and other online com­mer­cial (and non-commercial) infor­ma­tion sources. But libraries have what they don’t and we need to let our users know this. We have the abil­ity to be in our com­mu­ni­ties, to engage them and offer spe­cific tar­geted ser­vices. Our engage­ment with our com­mu­ni­ties can be the defin­ing aspect of what a library is to any given com­mu­nity — and that sounds a whole lot like what one “out­reach librar­ian” was doing or one “out­reach depart­ment” does in the old “out­reach” par­a­digm. I am not try­ing to under­mine the impor­tance of mar­ket­ing, advo­cacy, or library ser­vices. Tra­di­tional “out­reach” ser­vices should be an inte­grated part of what we do, not an aside, a tacked on item.

    Prob­lems We Face in Death

    Just because libraries need to change and have changed does not mean that the pol­i­tics of our respec­tive insti­tu­tions and gov­ern­ing bod­ies have. Many insti­tu­tions, such as my own, have “out­reach” out­lined in their mis­sions. Insti­tu­tions might use “out­reach” to exem­plify their worth for grant or other fund­ing sources, which fre­quently require “out­reach” activ­i­ties be incor­po­rated into funded projects. (Much like my dad’s exam­ple and my recent travel around the state of Ore­gon.)  We need for our city gov­ern­ments and our library and uni­ver­sity admin­is­tra­tions to advo­cate for libraries and library ser­vices in the man­ner I have described.  When cru­cial admin­is­tra­tive deci­sions get made, for exam­ple to open a new cam­pus, build a new build­ing, or to add a new degree pro­gram at a col­lege or uni­ver­sity, libraries and their ser­vices need to be rep­re­sented. If we have suc­cess­fully advo­cated for our con­stituents by pro­vid­ing them with qual­ity tar­geted, community-centered ser­vices, they will advo­cate for us. In the end, we might be able to pro­vide those essen­tial library ser­vices with­out being restricted by tra­di­tional “out­reach” depart­ments or initiatives.

    Another issue fac­ing libraries and library staff is train­ing. How are we going to train library staff to pro­vide those 30 sec­ond ele­va­tor speeches? Who will take the lead to ensure that cir­cu­la­tion staff, ref­er­ence staff, and oth­ers know how to engage in the ser­vices we’ve been call­ing out­reach? If we expect every­one to engage in this work, staff need to have the skills and knowl­edge to be able to do so.

    Finally, out­reach is usu­ally con­sid­ered a sep­a­rate depart­ment, when mar­ket­ing and pro­mo­tion of out­reach activ­i­ties within insti­tu­tions get del­e­gated to sep­a­rate “mar­ket­ing,” “com­mu­ni­ca­tions,” or “pub­lic rela­tions” depart­ments. Wouldn’t it be best if the two were inte­grated? These depart­ments often pro­duce and dis­trib­ute printed and writ­ten mate­ri­als such as press releases, brochures and fly­ers, or craft an orga­ni­za­tional mis­sion state­ment. This kind of com­mu­nity engage­ment remains essen­tial. We must learn to embrace mar­ket­ing and col­lab­o­rate with our mar­ket­ing and com­mu­ni­ca­tions depart­ments for our community-centered ser­vices to achieve their potential.

    The Undead

    Kill your notion of out­reach. We should demol­ish the body of out­reach, but keep out­reach activ­i­ties alive. We should dis­al­low out­reach a sep­a­rate body, but fold its spirit into our daily work and activ­i­ties, for it is this spirit of work that is the very ker­nel of what makes a library. Let’s use dif­fer­ent words to talk about what we do. (Please, if you have a sug­ges­tion on a new term to replace “out­reach” leave a com­ment!) Let’s work to engage our admin­is­tra­tors and our insti­tu­tions in chang­ing the atti­tude and polit­i­cal struc­ture sur­round­ing “out­reach.” Let’s bridge the divide by col­lab­o­rat­ing with com­mu­nity and insti­tu­tional part­ners to cre­ate and pro­mote ser­vices. Let’s make sure library staff has the train­ing to be able to give an ele­va­tor speech about why the library is impor­tant to com­mu­nity. Finally, let’s reshape our atti­tude and view community-based library ser­vices as essen­tial; as the core of what keeps libraries strong and rel­e­vant to our com­mu­ni­ties.

    Thanks to Gail Kouame for pro­vid­ing her thought­ful feed­back to this post. Also thanks to Lead Pipe Col­leagues Derik Bad­man, Ellie Col­lier, and Hilary Davis for their edits and feed­back. Addi­tion­ally, thanks to my office-mate, Andrew Hamil­ton, who is a great spring­board for ideas.


    Ref­er­ences and Fur­ther Reading

    Adams, T. M., & Sean Evans, R. (2004). Edu­cat­ing the edu­ca­tors: Out­reach to the col­lege of edu­ca­tion dis­tance fac­ulty and native amer­i­can stu­dents. Jour­nal of Library Admin­is­tra­tion, 41(1), 3 – 18.

    Aguilar, P., & Keat­ing, K. (2009). Satel­lite out­reach ser­vices pro­gram to under-represented stu­dents: Being in their space, not on MySpace. The Ref­er­ence Librar­ian, 50(1), 14 – 28.

    Bussey, D. (2009). Get­ting the word out. Pub­lic Libraries, 48(1), 20 – 21.

    Con­nell, R. S. (2009). Aca­d­e­mic libraries, Face­book and MySpace, and stu­dent out­reach: A sur­vey of stu­dent opin­ion. Por­tal: Libraries & the Acad­emy, 9(1), 25 – 36.

    Don­nelly, R. (2009). The mis­guided rela­tion­ship: Learn­ing from out­reach expe­ri­ences. Pub­lic Libraries, 48(1), 24 – 25.

    Hil­yard, N. B. (2009). Cul­ti­vat­ing sup­port for library advo­cacy. Pub­lic Libraries, 48(3), 16 – 19.

    Jef­fers, E. J. (2009). Elec­tronic out­reach and our inter­net patrons. Pub­lic Libraries, 48(1), 21 – 23.

    Pointon, S. E. (2009). Library out­reach is the future! Pub­lic Libraries, 48(2), 2 – 5, 24.

    Sen­nyey, P., Ross, L., & Mills, C. (2009). Explor­ing the future of aca­d­e­mic libraries: A def­i­n­i­tional approach. The Jour­nal of Aca­d­e­mic Librar­i­an­ship, 35(3), 252 – 259.

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26 Comments

  • I love being able to start my day with Bauhaus.

    Emily, thank you for mak­ing a very vital point: Library out­reach does not trans­late into library use. While pious phrases about library “com­mu­ni­ties” and “mis­sions” sound help­ful, none of it fur­thers the method of draw­ing said com­mu­nity to said library for it to be used. The proac­tive and assertive prac­tices of mar­ket­ing are much more suc­cess­ful at that sort of thing. It’s time to set aside librar­ian revul­sion of the M-word unless libraries want to become more mar­gin­al­ized than before.

    Another obser­va­tion: the “out­reach” atti­tude and approach– at least in my expe­ri­ence of it– implies that there is some sort of dis­con­nect between a library and its patrons. Worse, it doesn’t leave an option open for patrons to give feed­back. That hardly goes towards fos­ter­ing any kind of work­able community.

    Out­reach is only part of the process of mar­ket­ing– it gets infor­ma­tion about libraries out, and it stakes a claim for libraries in the com­mu­nity. But if that library com­mu­nity is going to thrive, libraries can’t just stop at outreach.

  • Jeff Scott says:

    You could call it Com­mu­nity Engage­ment. A pub­lic library needs to reach the level of com­mu­nity or indi­vid­ual engage­ment. When we do out­reach, we just say, “Hey lookie here, we have books and com­put­ers.” That’s not an indi­vid­ual message.

    I like the exam­ple between aca­d­e­mic and pub­lic libraries in the engage­ment process. Aca­d­e­mic libraries have a bit more of a cap­tive audi­ence (you know where the stu­dents are), libraries often don’t know where their patrons are (with­out being engaged or using GIS). I know when I have done out­reach to spe­cific demo­graph­ics, I search for the lead­ers of the com­mu­nity and work my way down on an indi­vid­ual level. It’s one of the few ways to demon­strate that you are pay­ing atten­tion and cre­at­ing action based on that feedback.

    • Emily Ford says:

      I like the term “Com­mu­nity Engage­ment,” Jeff. I think this really cap­tures what we should be doing. Also, out of com­mu­nity engage­ment comes more ideas and ideas for ser­vices that bet­ter serves the needs of our users.

      I agree with you that look­ing for com­mu­nity lead­ers is a key way to find just where users are and start a dia­logue about what users need and want from us.

  • Kathleen Houlihan says:

    How about Equity of Access? Check out Out­reach as Equity… The pref­ace talks a lot about rethink­ing our ideas of out­reach. Very inter­est­ing stuff.

    — Kath­leen Houli­han, Youth Out­reach Librarian…Austin, TX

  • Kathleen Houlihan says:

    I meant, From Out­reach to Equity…sorry for the man­gled title!

  • Sarah says:

    My ini­tial reac­tion to this post was imme­di­ately defen­sive, being that I am an Out­reach Librar­ian in an aca­d­e­mic library and I want to keep my job. But once I calmed down and read your post, you make some very valid points. My biggest issue is that Out­reach posi­tions in aca­d­e­mic libraries have seen a tremen­dous increase in recent years (my own posi­tion is brand-new) and yet, there are no pro­fes­sional stan­dards or guide­lines for those posi­tions. Your point that every­one defines out­reach dif­fer­ently is very true. Peo­ple always ask me “So, what do you actu­ally do?” and hon­estly, there is no sim­ple answer to that ques­tion. The job descrip­tions are noto­ri­ously fuzzy and it is up to each insti­tu­tion to define them. But because “out­reach” is a great buzz word and aca­d­e­mic admin­is­tra­tors seem to love it, I don’t think that we will see a decrease in these posi­tions. I com­pletely agree that out­reach, mar­ket­ing and pro­mo­tion are all sides of the same coin and should be a part of what every librar­ian and library staffer take part in on a daily basis. But what you sug­gest — essen­tially a cul­tural change in which every­one buys in to the need for mar­ket­ing, pro­mo­tion and out­reach and takes at least par­tial respon­si­bil­ity for it – is, if not impos­si­ble, cer­tainly going to take some time. So in the mean­time, hav­ing des­ig­nated indi­vid­u­als or depart­ments to coor­di­nate these efforts is still a neces­sity. I think that ulti­mately, that is what out­reach librar­i­ans should do: be the coor­di­na­tors of out­reach, mar­ket­ing and pro­mo­tion and not the sole par­tic­i­pants in the efforts. If any­one is inter­ested in col­lab­o­rat­ing and work­ing on some stan­dards or a bet­ter work­ing def­i­n­i­tion for aca­d­e­mic library out­reach posi­tions, let me know. I’d be into it.

    • Emily Ford says:

      Sarah, thank you so much for post­ing a com­ment! I think you are right. What I’m think­ing here is def­i­nitely a cul­ture shift. And not only is that shift needed in libraries, but also at the aca­d­e­mic insti­tu­tional level, and the city or county level (depend­ing on the kind of insti­tu­tion we’re speak­ing of). I would hope to be able to engage admin­is­tra­tors and show them that “out­reach” does not cap­ture what we should be doing because what we should be doing is so much more.

      I really like your idea of hav­ing a des­ig­nated indi­vid­ual in a library to coor­di­nate com­mu­nity engage­ment ser­vices or other activ­i­ties that we would typ­i­cally con­sider “out­reach.” I think this might be a first step. The peo­ple in these posi­tions might also become the cham­pi­ons for the rede­f­i­n­i­tion of our work into dif­fer­ent words and lead­ing the way with cul­tural change. This per­son could also be the one to help train library staff for their ele­va­tor speeches, etc. I’m going to look into this at my place of employ.

  • Ellie says:

    As one of the review­ers for this par­tic­u­lar post, Emily already knows that I am com­pletely with her on the impor­tance of hav­ing “out­reach” inte­grated into everyone’s respon­si­bil­i­ties, but not com­pletely sold on the need for a vocab­u­lary switch. To me out­reach means reach­ing out — which incor­po­rates find­ing out what peo­ple want, while adver­tis­ing or mar­ket­ing (though still incred­i­bly impor­tant) implies much less user input.

    I can get behind the rea­son­ing behind terms like com­mu­nity engage­ment and equity of access, but my knee jerk reac­tion to them is that they feel cor­po­rate and PR spun while out­reach feels straight for­wards and utilitarian.

    I am also prob­a­bly biased in not hav­ing encoun­tered much of the type of seg­re­ga­tion at mpow that Emily describes. I can think of 1 or 2 excep­tions (in tech­ni­cal ser­vices), but basi­cally all of our approx­i­mately 25 librar­i­ans have the same job descrip­tion — we all do ref­er­ence, col­lec­tion development/management (includ­ing department/faculty liai­son respon­si­bil­i­ties), class­room instruc­tion, design/create study guides and tuto­ri­als, and are heav­ily encour­aged to serve on campus-wide com­mit­tees. We have a PR facil­i­ta­tor that we can go to for help with phras­ing, tac­tics, etc, but hon­estly I think we could use an out­reach coor­di­na­tor like Sarah dis­cusses to make sure that we cover all our bases and who could ded­i­cate more of her time specif­i­cally to deter­min­ing user needs and coor­di­nat­ing larger ini­tia­tives. For exam­ple — every semes­ter Stu­dent Life does a big wel­come to cam­pus event at each of our 7 cam­puses. Typ­i­cally a librar­ian from each cam­pus will decide to par­tic­i­pate and come up with some­thing, but a focused and coor­di­nated effort would prob­a­bly have more impres­sive results.

    But no mat­ter what we call it and whether or not we have some­one in a titled posi­tion coor­di­nat­ing our efforts, I com­pletely agree that it shouldn’t be left to one per­son or depart­ment, rather “we should all be engaged and pro­vid­ing tar­geted, community-based ser­vices to our constituents.”

  • Alison says:

    I work for a library net­work, and part of what we do is pro­vide fund­ing for out­reach projects. We’ve gen­er­ally defined out­reach as the exten­sion of library ser­vice beyond the library’s defined patron base (we’re talk­ing aca­d­e­mic and spe­cial libraries here, mostly). Feed­back from some of our poten­tial fun­dees has been that it’s enough of a chal­lenge to get the defined patron base to under­stand the value of the library, so who has time for out­reach? Now we talk about “out­reach” and “inreach,” but both are really com­mu­nity engage­ment, and both are really marketing.

    My favorite line from your post is this:

    If we have suc­cess­fully advo­cated for our con­stituents by pro­vid­ing them with qual­ity tar­geted, community-centered ser­vices, they will advo­cate for us.”

    Out­reach, com­mu­nity engage­ment, mar­ket­ing, advo­cacy… maybe the dif­fer­ences are more than seman­tic because there’s a log­i­cal chrono­log­i­cal order.

  • You must be in an alter­nate uni­verse. The only rea­son our librar­i­ans are thought wor­thy of exis­tence is to do Out­reach. All else is worthless.

    • Emily Ford says:

      Can you tell me more? I thought my point was clear, that we ALL should be doing what we tra­di­tion­ally call “out­reach” but I don’t think the term fits any­more. We can­not afford to cor­ner this work and have it be the work of a few select peo­ple. In fact, it is what our worth IS. I think we agree, but I’d like to hear more about what we do that is con­sid­ered “worthless.”

  • @Alison: I think that’s what the author was get­ting at– mar­ket­ing begins with out­reach, but out­reach alone is not nec­es­sar­ily effec­tive. It’s not enough to inform peo­ple of what libraries can do; we have to make it easy for them to give back to us, to use our resources, to advo­cate for us.

    I worry that libraries fall short on out­reach pro­grams because of their dread of The M Word. They’re happy to make Twit­ter feeds and Face­book pages, and then don’t do any­thing with draw­ing the pub­lic to them, or mak­ing them inter­ac­tive, or use­ful. Lis­ten­ing to what patrons want is all fine and good. But mar­ket­ing– open­ing up a dia­logue with patrons– a dia­logue that means that the library is going to con­sider what the patrons want, and deliver results because they know it’s cru­cial to their sur­vival– that’s tak­ing it fur­ther. It’s nec­es­sary, and it isn’t evil.

    That said, I think this is get­ting into a seman­tic round­about, where noth­ing gets done. This doesn’t have to be a con­tro­versy, though I appre­ci­ate how Emily Ford has used a provoca­tive arti­cle like this to get peo­ple to talk.

    Point of fact: We need to lis­ten to patrons, we need to give them what they want, and we need to invite and encour­age their inter­ac­tion, because inter­ac­tion trans­lates to advo­cacy. I don’t think any­one will argue with that.

    • Sarah says:

      Jen­nifer, I agree with you about the fear of the “m” word. In my expe­ri­ence, peo­ple are inter­ested in try­ing new things, ini­ti­at­ing new ser­vices, etc. but fall com­pletely short when it come to pro­mot­ing said ser­vices, which usu­ally then die a slow death because no one is aware of their exis­tence. Trou­ble is, mar­ket­ing library ser­vices is a full-time job, and is prob­a­bly the thing that falls by the way­side when peo­ple get busy with the other aspects of their jobs. It takes effort, cre­ativ­ity, and most impor­tantly, per­sis­tence — you don’t just do it once and fin­ish. It is ongo­ing. It is daunt­ing and often dis­cour­ag­ing. So with that ring­ing endorse­ment, how do we con­vince peo­ple it is indeed wor­thy of their time and that it will pay off down the road?

      • Sarah, I won­der if this is because some of the things peo­ple try have– gulp– no mar­ketable value. I mean, I love Face­book pages, but if a col­lege library with a Face­book page doesn’t reach out to stu­dents by request­ing to friend them…well, all that hard work will be wasted. No one will look at that page.

        On the other hand, a library that posts its Twit­ter feed on its web­site as a way of eas­ily noti­fy­ing its pub­lic of things like severe weather clo­sures, hol­i­days, and upcom­ing events can eas­ily see the value of such a venture.

        Part of mar­ket­ing is fig­ur­ing out whether a cer­tain ven­ture is worth the library’s time, staff, and money to undertake.

        • Sarah says:

          You know, I couldn’t agree more. Trou­ble is, if you don’t even give some­thing a fight­ing chance to suc­ceed in a pilot, then how will you ever know? And unless some sort of orga­nized effort is put in to decid­ing what to mar­ket and to whom, then every­thing is more or less des­tined to fail at some point, if not immediately.

  • Juan Tomás Lee says:

    Sarah, thank you for your thought-provoking arti­cle. Two quotes that helped me real­ize that library out­reach is not just hav­ing a table with book­lists at the local “5 de Mayo” celebration:

    Out­reach = (social ser­vices) “Pro­vi­sion of ser­vices to those unable to seek them.” (Webster’s Ency­clo­pe­dic Dic­tio­nary of the Eng­lish Lan­guage, 1989)

    In order to meet the chang­ing and grow­ing needs of our com­mu­ni­ties, it is becom­ing a basic ser­vice to reach out beyond our walls and make library ser­vices not only acces­si­ble but also rel­e­vant… This means ser­vice that goes beyond the tra­di­tional realm of what we have offered in the past, and far beyond the clien­tele to whom we have offered it.” Mar­cia Trotta, Man­ag­ing Library Out­reach Pro­grams: A How-to-do-it man­ual for librar­i­ans (New York: Neal-Schuman Pub­lish­ers, 1993).

  • Hi — I’m a patron who thinks a lot about
    pub­lic library advo­cacy. One thing that
    is des­per­ately needed, I believe, is an
    orga­nized national cam­paign to save and
    nur­ture our pub­lic libraries. This would
    be in addi­tion to the per­son­al­ized, com­mu­nity
    out­reach that libraries do in their local
    com­mu­ni­ties. There are so many peo­ple
    doing good things through­out the coun­try
    and I dream of col­lab­o­rat­ing around our
    shared pur­pose rather than work­ing extra­or­di­nar­ily
    hard at strictly local lev­els.
    By com­bin­ing our voices, we’d have
    a bet­ter chance of focus­ing the public’s
    atten­tion on the national trea­sure that
    is our pub­lic library sys­tem. By actively
    curat­ing a cen­tral­ized advo­cacy cen­ter,
    we could pro­vide high qual­ity resources
    to library friends and staff, and infor­ma­tion
    to the pub­lic and the media. Through
    this cen­ter, we could facil­i­tate a vibrant
    exchange among these var­i­ous con­stituen­cies,
    to expand upon the dia­logue (for exam­ple)
    among librar­ian blog­gers and cit­i­zens
    respond­ing to sto­ries from promi­nent
    news out­lets (see the recent
    Boston Globe arti­cle
    with 465 responses).
    I believe there is pent-up pub­lic demand
    for civil dis­course, trusted infor­ma­tion
    and re-affirmation of val­ues such as
    com­mu­nity, per­sonal dig­nity and appre­ci­a­tion
    for diver­sity, respect for pri­vacy and
    intel­lec­tual free­dom. I know of no bet­ter
    insti­tu­tion to meet these needs than
    pub­lic libraries. Folks just need a
    reminder that they’re out there …
    and that sup­port goes both ways; libraries
    need it in order to pro­vide it.
    I have a proof-of-concept devel­oped
    for a cam­paign and resource cen­ter and
    am seek­ing con­trib­u­tors. Please con­tact
    me
    if you’re inter­ested — I’d
    love to hear your ideas and share mine.
    Jean

  • Jennifer M. says:

    UMass started a Uni­ver­sity With­out Walls in the ‘70s. Your arti­cle made me remem­ber that, and won­der if we could use a sim­i­lar ref­er­ence, maybe not as a defin­ing phrase to replace Out­reach, but at least as a phrase we could use on our web page to direct users to a vari­ety of ser­vices “Beyond our Walls”.

  • […] view , look­ing at why and how I am doing things, not just what. Then this morn­ing I read a blog post Out­reach is (un)Dead at In the library with the lead­pipe.  It expressed some of what I had been think­ing about and is […]

  • There is so much going on in this post and its com­ments that I’ve been think­ing hard about how to respond to all of it. Sorry that’s made me late to the party.

    First, I notice sev­eral peo­ple refer­ring to “mar­ket­ing” as “the M word” so I feel com­pelled to point out that I con­tribute to a library mar­ket­ing blog called “The M Word.” (http://​them​word​blog​.blogspot​.com/) My blog part­ner Nancy Dowd and I are fight­ing to make “mar­ket­ing” less of a dirty word to librarians!

    Sec­ond, some of these thoughts do relate to seman­tics, but they are impor­tant ones. Most librar­i­ans do not know the dif­fer­ence between these words, which is why I always start my con­fer­ence ses­sions and work­shops by defin­ing them. Briefly, MARKETING is the top-tier activ­ity; every­thing else you’re talk­ing about falls under that. Advo­cacy, out­reach, pro­mo­tion, adver­tis­ing, are all part of MARKETING.

    As to know how and why to do all of these activ­i­ties and make them work: this points out the need for every library to have a uni­fied mar­ket­ing plan (which should fall under its strate­gic plan). And, in my dream­world, every library sys­tem would have a full-time posi­tion that coor­di­nates all of this. Tech­ni­cally, that posi­tion should have “mar­ket­ing” in the title, since all related activ­i­ties (inc “out­reach”) fall under that umbrella term.

    Yes, what is nec­es­sary to make all of this work is a major shift in think­ing and in orga­ni­za­tional cul­ture. I’ve been wait­ing a decade to see this hap­pen and I’m still dis­ap­pointed. All talk, lit­tle action.

    I agree w/ what Jen­nifer Par­sons says. She gets it. Her back & forth w/ Sarah hits on impor­tant points. What I think they are miss­ing (most libs are miss­ing) is actu­ally under­stand­ing, and IMPLEMENTING, the set steps of what I call True Mar­ket­ing. (see explana­tory chart on my web­site: http://​www​.librariesa​reessen​tial​.com/​l​i​b​r​a​r​y​-​m​a​r​k​e​t​i​n​g​-​r​e​s​o​u​r​c​e​s​/​c​y​c​l​e​-​o​f​-​t​r​u​e​-​m​a​r​k​e​t​i​ng/)

    Peo­ple in libraries do bits & pieces of mar­ket­ing, then won­der why their efforts fail. Tired of watch­ing this hap­pen, I poured all of my knowl­edge from edit­ing the Mar­ket­ing Library Serivces newslet­ter for 15 years into a book. It came out in July, and it’s called The Acci­den­tal Library Mar­keter. It answers many of the ques­tions that are being dis­cussed in this post.

    One other thought: yes, out­reach, pro­mo­tion, ele­va­tor speeches, etc should all be part of every librarian’s respon­si­bil­ity. BUT that requires train­ing and prac­tice. One rea­son that out­reach itself is insuffient is that it has only peo­ple in those posi­tions only reach­ing out­side library walls. Library schools have not pre­pared staffers to do any sort of out­reach or mar­ket­ing. (Another rea­son I wrote the book.) So peo­ple in these posi­tions need to also view fel­low staffers as tar­get audi­ences for their messages.

    So my main thought on Emily’s orginal premise is this: I don’t think we need to kill out­reach posi­tions; they should be part of mar­ket­ing posi­tions. I don’t feel that killing the word will help make the activ­ity part of everyone’s work. I think that librar­i­ans des­per­ately need to be trained to reach out, to pro­mote their work, and to shout about their own pro­fes­sional value. But there does need to be a posi­tion that coor­di­nates all of this — just ask­ing every­one to do “out­reach” w/o direc­tion and coor­di­na­tion leads to what we have now — lots of enthu­si­asm, very lit­tle seri­ous suc­cess, and almost no way to mea­sure (and there­fore prove) that suc­cess and value.

    It gets depress­ing when you really think about it, doesn’t it? We have a very long way to go.

    • Kathleen Houlihan says:

      I didn’t men­tion this in my ear­lier response, but I’ve been think­ing about this a lot (par­tic­u­larly as my depart­ment has instructed me to come up with a new title with­out the word “out­reach”). Some of the things I do cer­tainly fall under mar­ket­ing (which I took in grad school…thank good­ness!), but many of my other duties have to do with pro­vid­ing access to library ser­vices & mate­ri­als to those who can’t come into a library — the incar­cer­ated for exam­ple, or chil­dren in child­care cen­ters with work­ing par­ents. This is a sep­a­rate def­i­n­i­tion of “out­reach”… but I’ll admit I’m at a loss as far as what else to call myself if I’m not an “out­reach librar­ian”… what else encom­passes every­thing I do? Access librar­ian sounds so… unappealing.

    • Emily Ford says:

      I really love the mar­ket­ing plan. I won­der how com­mon this is in libraries? It seems so “business-y” I won­der if it’s adopted much. Do you have a sense, Kathy, of how com­mon these plans are?

      I think also in pre­vi­ous com­ments some­one men­tioned the need for a coor­di­na­tor for mar­ket­ing and out­reach type activ­i­ties and I couldn’t agree more. The prob­lem might be mak­ing the argu­ment for boards/institutions to fund such a thing for the library…

  • Victoria says:

    Thank-you! I am an Out­reach Intern at a large church. I have argued, unsuc­cess­fully that out­reach is not an activ­ity for one group of peo­ple but is an impor­tant func­tion of the insti­tu­tion and all who rep­re­sent it. I’ve also been try­ing to ban­ish the word “Out­reach” and call it “Com­mu­nity Min­istry”. When some­one com­plained that this doesn’t describe Out­reach because “lots of dif­fer­ent groups in the church do this” it made me chuckle.

    I love your exam­ples to explain “what is Out­reach” and will credit your com­ments to your site.

    Bless­ings!

    Vic­to­ria

    • Emily Ford says:

      Thanks so much for your com­ment, Vic­to­ria. I think you’ve shown that this topic is not just iso­lated to the pro­fes­sional library world.
      I agree with you that incor­po­rat­ing the word “com­mu­nity” into a def­i­n­i­tion or term to describe what we do makes more sense– and does con­tribute to the point, that we all need to be involved.

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